A tecnologia blockchain como ferramenta de rastreabilidade em cadeias de suprimentos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14488/1676-1901.v23i3.5129Palavras-chave:
Cadeia de suprimentos, Blockchain, Rastreabilidade, Revisão SistemáticaResumo
Criado em 2008 com o intuito de viabilizar transações financeiras sem a necessidade de uma terceira parte, geralmente uma instituição financeira, a tecnologia blockchain despertou interesse como uma ferramenta para aprimorar a rastreabilidade de ativos em cadeias de suprimentos, devido às propriedades inerentes de ser um livro razão imutável e distribuído. No entanto, a aplicação dessa tecnologia nesse contexto ainda está em estágios iniciais, com poucos casos de uso estabelecidos. Dessa forma, este estudo teve como objetivo identificar e avaliar os potenciais benefícios do uso da tecnologia blockchain como ferramenta para rastreabilidade em cadeias de suprimentos. Para atingir esse objetivo, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura sobre o tema, destacando benefícios como automatização dos processos de rastreabilidade, redução de fraudes, auditabilidade e certificação através da implementação da tecnologia blockchain. Além disso, foram considerados desafios técnicos e de governança e lacunas quanto à distribuição de informação, certificação e custo ao se empregar essa tecnologia.
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